مصالح و سازه های بتنی

مصالح و سازه های بتنی

بررسی تجربی و مقایسه‌ای اثر الیاف PET و بازالت بر رفتار مکانیکی و کارایی بتن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
عاطفه سلیمانی 1
هاشم جهانگیر 2
1 دکتری مهندسی عمران، گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران
2 استادیار گروه مهندسی عمران، گروه پژوهشی فناوری‌های نوین در مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران
10.30478/jcsm.2026.574046.1414
چکیده
در این پژوهش، اثر افزودن الیاف پلیمری PET و الیاف معدنی بازالت بر رفتار مکانیکی و کارایی بتن به‌صورت آزمایشگاهی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. برای این منظور، مخلوط‌های بتنی حاوی الیاف PET با درصدهای حجمی 8/0، 0/1، 2/1 و 4/1 درصد و الیاف بازالت با درصدهای 3/0، 5/0، 7/0، 9/0 و 1/1 درصد تهیه و در قالب‌های مکعبی، استوانه‌ای و منشوری ساخته شدند. مقاومت فشاری، مقاومت کششی غیرمستقیم به روش برزیلی و مقاومت خمشی سه‌نقطه‌ای در سنین عمل‌آوری ۷، ۲۸ و ۴۲ روزه اندازه‌گیری گردید و همزمان، تغییرات روانی بتن از طریق آزمون اسلامپ ارزیابی شد. نتایج نشان داد افزودن الیاف PET در درصد بهینه خود موجب افزایش مقاومت فشاری 28 روزه به میزان 8 %، افزایش مقاومت کششی به مقدار 22 % و افزایش مقاومت خمشی به مقدار 19 % نسبت به نمونه شاهد شد. همچنین، الیاف بازالت در درصد بهینه خود افزایش مقاومت فشاری، کششی و خمشی 28 روزه را به‌ترتیب به مقدارهای 20 %، 28 % و 30 % نسبت به بتن بدون الیاف نشان داد. رفتار مکانیکی بتن در برابر افزایش درصد الیاف غیرخطی بوده و پس از یک مقدار بهینه، به دلیل کاهش تراکم و افزایش ناپیوستگی ماتریس، روند کاهشی در مقاومت مشاهده گردید. درصد بهینه برای دستیابی به بیشینه عملکرد مکانیکی به‌ترتیب 2/1 درصد برای الیاف PET و 7/0 درصد برای الیاف بازالت تعیین شد. الیاف بازالت به دلیل مدول الاستیسیته و مقاومت کششی بالاتر، اثر بارزتری در افزایش مقاومت فشاری و خمشی نشان داد، در حالی که الیاف PET به‌ویژه در بهبود مقاومت کششی و رفتار پس از ترک نقش مؤثرتری ایفا کردند. همچنین افزایش درصد الیاف PET و بازالت در بیشترین مقدارهای خود به‌ترتیب موجب کاهش 29 % و 41 % اسلامپ و افت کارایی بتن شد. در پایان پژوهش، مدل‌های رفتاری تجربی مبتنی بر رگرسیون غیرخطی شامل مدل درجه دوم برای وابستگی مقاومت فشاری به درصد حجمی الیاف، مدل رشد نمایی برای لحاظ اثر زمان عمل‌آوری و رابطه‌های توانی برای پیش‌بینی مقاومت کششی و خمشی بر اساس مقاومت فشاری ارائه شدند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
بتن الیافی
الیاف PET
الیاف بازالت
مقاومت فشاری
مقاومت کششی
مقاومت خمشی

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Experimental and Comparative Study on the Effects of PET and Basalt Fibers on the Mechanical Performance and Workability of Concrete

نویسندگان English

Atefeh Soleymani 1
Hashem Jahangir 2
1 PhD. in Civil Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Research Group of Novel Technologies in Civil Engineering, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
چکیده English

In this study, the effect of incorporating polymeric PET fibers and mineral basalt fibers on the mechanical behavior and workability of concrete was experimentally investigated. Concrete mixtures containing PET fibers at volumetric fractions of 0.8%, 1.0%, 1.2%, and 1.4%, and basalt fibers at 0.3%, 0.5%, 0.7%, 0.9%, and 1.1% were prepared and cast into cubic, cylindrical, and prismatic specimens. Compressive strength, indirect tensile strength (Brazilian splitting test), and three-point flexural strength were measured at curing ages of 7, 28, and 42 days. Simultaneously, concrete workability was evaluated using the slump test. The results indicated that the optimal PET fiber content increased the 28-day compressive strength by 8%, the tensile strength by 22%, and the flexural strength by 19% compared to the control specimen. Similarly, basalt fibers at their optimal dosage enhanced the 28-day compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths by 20%, 28%, and 30%, respectively, relative to plain concrete. The mechanical response of fiber-reinforced concrete exhibited a nonlinear trend with increasing fiber content; beyond the optimal dosage, a reduction in strength was observed due to decreased compaction efficiency and increased matrix discontinuities. The optimal fiber contents for achieving maximum mechanical performance were determined as 1.2% for PET fibers and 0.7% for basalt fibers. Owing to their higher elastic modulus and tensile strength, basalt fibers showed a more pronounced improvement in compressive and flexural strengths, whereas PET fibers were particularly effective in enhancing tensile strength and post-cracking behavior. At the highest investigated fiber contents, PET and basalt fibers reduced slump by 29% and 41%, respectively, indicating a significant decrease in workability. Finally, empirical behavioral models based on nonlinear regression were developed, including a quadratic model describing the relationship between compressive strength and fiber volume fraction, an exponential growth model incorporating the curing time effect, and power-law relationships for predicting tensile and flexural strengths as functions of compressive strength.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Fiber-reinforced concrete
PET fibers
Basalt fibers
Compressive strength
Tensile strength
Flexural strength
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  • تاریخ دریافت 26 بهمن 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری 06 اسفند 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش 16 اردیبهشت 1405