[1] Lezgy-Nazargah M, Dezhangah M, and Sepehrinia S. (2018). The effects of different FRP/concrete bond–slip laws on the 3D FE modeling of retrofitted RC beams - A sensitivity analysis. Steel Compos Struct, 26(3):347-360.
[2] Amirkhani S, and Lezgy-Nazargah M. (2022). Nonlinear finite element analysis of RC columns: Evaluation of different modeling approaches for considering stirrup confinement effects. Struct Concr, 23(5):2820-2836.
[3] Edalat Behbahani A, Barros JAO, and Ventura-Gouveia A. (2015). Plastic-damage smeared crack model to simulate the behaviour of structures made by cement based materials. Int J Solids Struct, 73(74):20-40.
[4] Brozovsky JB, Mynarz M, and Sucharda O. (2008). Constitutive Modelling of Concrete in 2D Using Smeared Crack Model. Conference on Engineering Optimization, Rio de Janeiro,1-5.
[5] Lotfi V, and Espandar R. (2004). Seismic analysis of concrete arch dams by combined discrete crack and non-orthogonal smeared crack technique. Eng Struct, 26(1):27-37.
[6] Pirooznia A, and Moradloo AJ. (2020). Investigation of size effect and smeared crack models in ordinary and dam concrete fracture tests. Eng Fract Mech, 226:106863.
[7] Moshirabadi S, and Soltani M. (2019). Implementation of smeared crack approach in rigid block and spring modeling of reinforced concrete. Eng Struct, 201:109779.
[8] Aghajanzadeh SM, and Mirzabozorg H. (2019). Concrete fracture process modeling by combination of extended finite element method and smeared crack approach. Theor Appl Fract Mech, 101:306-319.
[9] Lu X, Ridha M, Tan VBC, and Tay TE. (2019). Adaptive discrete-smeared crack (A-DiSC) model for multi-scale progressive damage in composites. Compos Part A Appl Sci Manuf. 125:105513.
[10] Cook AC, Vel SS, and Johnson SE. (2018). Pervasive cracking of heterogeneous brittle materials using a multi-directional smeared crack band model. Int J Mech Sci. 149:459-474.
[11] Hariri-Ardebili MA, and Seyed-Kolbadi SM. (2015). Seismic cracking and instability of concrete dams: Smeared crack approach. Eng Fail Anal, 52:45-60.
[12] Mostofinejad D, and Talaeitaba SB. (2011). Nonlinear modeling of RC beams subjected to torsion using the smeared crack model. in Procedia Engineering, 14:1447-1454.
[13] Hu Y, Chen G, Cheng W, and Yang Z. (2014). Simulation of hydraulic fracturing in rock mass using a smeared crack model. Comput Struct, 137:72-77.
[14] Edalat-Behbahani A, Barros JAO, and Ventura-Gouveia A. (2017). Three dimensional plastic-damage multidirectional fixed smeared crack approach for modelling concrete structures. Int J Solids Struct, 115(116):104-25.
[15] Grassl P, and Jirásek M. (2006). Damage-plastic model for concrete failure. Int J Solids Struct, 43(22–23):7166-7196.
[16] Ahmed B, Voyiadjis GZ, and Park T. (2020). Damaged plasticity model for concrete using scalar damage variables with a novel stress decomposition. Int J Solids Struct, 191(192):56-75.
[17] Feng DC, Ren XD, and Li J. (2018). Cyclic behavior modeling of reinforced concrete shear walls based on softened damage-plasticity model. Eng Struct, 166:363-375.
[18] Ranjbaran A, Rousta AM. (2009). A step toward happy ending to free vibration analysis of cracked members. Int J of NED (NED university journal of research), 4(2): 113-122.
[19] Qasem M, Hasan M, Muhamad R, Chin CL, Alanazi N. (2025). Generalised calibration and optimization of concrete damage plasticity model for finite element simulation of cracked reinforced concrete structures. Results Eng, 25: 103905.
[20] Saleh M, AlHamaydeh M, Zakaria M. (2023). Finite element analysis of reinforced concrete deep beams with square web openings using damage plasticity model, Eng Struct, 278: 115496.
[21] Žarković D, Jovanović D. (2025) A new constitutive model of concrete developed in the framework of damage and multi-surface plasticity: Theory and verification, Int J Solids Struct, 312: 113281.
[22] Fakeh M, Jawdhari A, Fam A. (2025) Recommended concrete damage plasticity parameters and constitutive models for UHPC in ABAQUS, Eng Struct, 333: 120154.
[23] Chen WF, and Saleeb AF. (1982). Constitutive equations for engineering materials: Elasticity and modeling. John Wiley & Sons.
[24] Lubliner J, Oliver J, Oller S, and Oate E. (1988). A plastic-damage model for concrete. Int J Solids Struct, 25(3):299-326.
[25] Lee J, and Fenves GL. (1998). Plastic-damage model for cyclic loading of concrete structures. J Eng Mech, 124(8):892-900.
[26] Rahimi H, and Hutchinson A. (2001). Concrete beams strengthened with externally bonded FRP plates. J Compos Constr, 5(1):44-56.
[27] Orakcal K, and Wallace JW. (2004). Modelling of slender reinforced concrete walls. 13th World Conf Earthq Eng, 18(1):141-143.
[28] Soliman KZ, Arafa AI, and Elrakib TM. (2013). Review of design codes of concrete encased steel short columns under axial compression. HBRC J, 9(2):134-143.
[29] Barrera AC, Bonet JL, Romero ML, and Miguel PF. (2011). Experimental tests of slender reinforced concrete columns under combined axial load and lateral force. Eng Struct, 33(12): 3676-3689.