مصالح و سازه های بتنی

مصالح و سازه های بتنی

بررسی تأثیر نانو کلوئید اکسید گرافن و نانو دی‌اکسید آلومینا بر نفوذپذیری و خواص مکانیکی بتن و بهینه‌سازی طرح اختلاط آن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی عمران، واحد ارومیه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ارومیه، ایران
2 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مهندسی عمران، واحد ارومیه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ارومیه، ایران
چکیده
سازه‌های بتن مسلح که در معرض جریان‌های دائمی یا متناوب آب، فشار هیدرواستاتیک و شرایط خورنده قرار دارند با تهدیدهای جدی ناشی از نفوذ یون‌های مخرب کلراید و سولفات مواجه هستند. تماس مداوم این سازه‌ها با آب‌های حاوی املاح، همراه با تنش‌های ناشی از جریان، تغییرات فشار، پدیده‌های سایشی ناشی از ذرات معلق و چرخه‌های متوالی خیس و خشک شدن، فرآیندهای خوردگی و تخریب را تسریع می‌کند. یکی از مهم‌ترین چالش‌های این سازه‌ها، نفوذپذیری زیاد بتن در برابر رطوبت و آب است که منجر به ترک‌خوردگی، کاهش مقطع آرماتور و اُفت دوام می‌شود. بنابراین کاهش نفوذپذیری بتن، راهکاری کلیدی برای ارتقای دوام سازه‌های هیدرولیکی و آبی است. در این تحقیق، برای کاهش نفوذپذیری و ارتقای دوام بتن معمولی در برابر نفوذ آب، از ترکیب نانو کلوئید اکسید گرافن مایع به میزان با 1/0‌، 3/0‌، 5/0، 7/0 و 1% وزنی آب و نانو دی‌اکسید آلومینا به میزان ثابت 5/0% وزنی سیمان استفاده شده است. آزمایش‌های متعددی شامل وزن مخصوص، اسلامپ، مقاومت فشاری 7 و 28 روزه، مقاومت کشش برزیلی، مقاومت سایشی، میزان نفوذ آب و بررسی ریز ساختار بتن انجام گرفته است. نتایج نشان داده است که افزودن ترکیب نانو کلوئید اکسید گرافن مایع و نانو دی‌اکسید آلومینا موجب کاهش همزمان مقاومت فشاری 28 روزه به میزان 6/1‌% تا 8/19‌%، مقاومت کشش برزیلی 3/8‌% تا 5/37‌% و مقاومت سایشی 4/22‌% تا 8/69‌% نسبت به طرح شاهد شده است. اما میزان نفوذپذیری بتن در برابر آب را تا حدود ۸۲‌% کاهش می‌دهد. در ادامه، آنالیز حساسیت و فرآیند بهینه‌یابی چند معیاره بر روی طرح‌های اختلاط انجام شد که نتایج آن، طرح CON-3 را به‌عنوان بهینه‌ترین طرح با تاکید بر بهبود نفوذناپذیری بتن معرفی کرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

Investigation of the Effect of Liquid Graphene Oxide Colloid and Nano Al₂O₃ on the Permeability and Mechanical Properties of Concrete and Optimization of Its Mix Design

نویسندگان English

Ashkan KhodaBandehLou 1
Mohammad Javad Zare Ghanat Novi 2
1 Associate professor, Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran
2 Ph.D. Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Ur.C., Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran
چکیده English

Reinforced concrete structures exposed to continuous or intermittent water flow, hydrostatic pressure, and aggressive environments are subjected to serious threats caused by the ingress of harmful chloride and sulfate ions. Continuous contact with saline water, combined with flow‑induced stresses, pressure fluctuations, abrasive action of suspended particles, and repeated wetting–drying cycles, accelerates corrosion and deterioration processes. One of the major challenges in such structures is the high permeability of concrete to moisture and water, which leads to cracking, reduction of the effective reinforcement section, and diminished long‑term durability. Hence, reducing concrete permeability is a key strategy for enhancing the durability of hydraulic and water‑related structures. In this study, to reduce permeability and improve the durability of ordinary concrete against water penetration, a combination of liquid graphene oxide colloid (GO) at 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%, 0.7%, and 1% by the weight of mixing water, together with a constant 0.5% nano‑Al₂O₃ by the weight of cement, has been used. Various tests, including unit weight, slump, 7‑ and 28‑day compressive strength, Brazilian tensile strength, abrasion resistance, water penetration depth, and microstructural analysis, have been performed. The results have shown that incorporating the graphene oxide colloid (GO)/nano‑Al₂O₃ blend has simultaneously reduced the 28‑day compressive strength by 1.6% to 19.8%, Brazilian tensile strength by 8.3% to 37.5%, and abrasion resistance by 22.4% to 69.8% compared with the control mix. However, the permeability of concrete against water has decreased by up to approximately 82%. Subsequently, sensitivity analysis and a multi criteria optimization process were performed on the mix designs, the results of which identified the CON 3 mix as the optimal design with an emphasis on improving concrete impermeability.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Concrete Permeability
Nano Colloid Graphene Oxide
Nano Al2O3
Nano Material
Mechanical Properties
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  • تاریخ دریافت 04 آبان 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری 28 بهمن 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش 28 بهمن 1404